Learn how to use the future tense to make and accept event invitations
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to CzechClass101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 5 - Planning Your Future in the Czech Republic. Becky here. |
| Martin: Ahoj! I'm Martin. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn about how to use the future tense to make an invitation, and how to accept or decline an invitation. The conversation takes place at a school. |
| Martin: It's between a teacher, Helena, and Jitka. |
| Becky: The speakers are a teacher and two students, so they’ll use formal Czech. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Učitel: Děvčata, brzy promujete. Už víte co budete dělat potom? |
| Helena: Budu hledat práci. |
| Jitka: Já ještě nevím. |
| Učitel: Ve středu je seminář pro studenty. Postgraduální studium. Nechcete přijít? |
| Jitka: Ano, moc ráda. Středu mám volnou. Děkuju za pozvání. V kolik hodin? |
| Učitel: Je to v 16 (šestnáct) hodin. |
| Helena: Děkuju, já asi ne. Už jsem rozhodlá jít pracovat. |
| Učitel: Nic se neděje. Hodně štěstí při hledání. |
| Helena: Děkuju Vám. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Učitel: Děvčata, brzy promujete. Už víte co budete dělat potom? |
| Helena: Budu hledat práci. |
| Jitka: Já ještě nevím. |
| Učitel: Ve středu je seminář pro studenty. Postgraduální studium. Nechcete přijít? |
| Jitka: Ano, moc ráda. Středu mám volnou. Děkuju za pozvání. V kolik hodin? |
| Učitel: Je to v 16 (šestnáct) hodin. |
| Helena: Děkuju, já asi ne. Už jsem rozhodlá jít pracovat. |
| Učitel: Nic se neděje. Hodně štěstí při hledání. |
| Helena: Děkuju Vám. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Teacher: Girls, you’re graduating soon. Have you decided what to do after? |
| Helena: I'll look for a job. |
| Jitka: I don't know yet. |
| Teacher : On Wednesday there’s a seminar for students, about postgraduate studies. Won't you come? |
| Jitka: Yes, I will. This Wednesday I'm free. Thank you for the invitation. What time? |
| Teacher: It's at 4 p.m. |
| Helena: Thank you, but maybe not. I’ve already decided to work. |
| Teacher : That's all right. Good luck with your search. |
| Helena: Thank you. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Martin, how is the education system organized in the Czech Republic? For example, how are the grade levels divided? |
| Martin: As in other countries, we have preschool, primary, secondary, undergraduate, and postgraduate education. |
| Becky: Preschools consist of nurseries and kindergartens. |
| Martin: Right, and there are both public and private preschools. Primary school education goes from ages 6 to 15 and is mandatory. |
| Becky: Do children wear uniforms? |
| Martin: No, they don’t. |
| Becky: What about universities? |
| Martin: Some universities are still state-owned, such as the famous Charles University in Prague, but there are also many private ones. |
| Becky: Is there a specific Ministry of Education in the Czech Republic? |
| Martin:Yes, it’s called Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy. |
| Becky: Which means "Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports." Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Martin: vědět [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to know |
| Martin: vědět[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: vědět [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: hledat [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to look for |
| Martin: hledat[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: hledat [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: středa [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Wednesday |
| Martin: středa[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: středa [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: chtít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to want |
| Martin: chtít[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: chtít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: přijít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to come |
| Martin: přijít[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: přijít [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: pozvání [natural native speed] |
| Becky: invitation |
| Martin: pozvání[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: pozvání [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: hodina [natural native speed] |
| Becky: hour |
| Martin: hodina[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: hodina [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: asi [natural native speed] |
| Becky: probably, I guess |
| Martin: asi[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: asi [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Martin: dít se [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to happen, to be going on |
| Martin: dít se[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: dít se [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last.. |
| Martin: štěstí [natural native speed] |
| Becky: luck |
| Martin: štěstí[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Martin: štěstí [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Martin: hledat |
| Becky: meaning "to look for." |
| Martin: This is an imperfective verb. |
| Becky: Depending on the sentence, this verb can be translated in several ways. Let’s give some examples. |
| Martin: hledám ztracené klíče |
| Becky: which means “I'm looking for my lost keys,” |
| Martin: hledá ho policie |
| Becky: ''He's wanted by the police.'' |
| Martin: Another example is Hledáme nové pracovníky do kavárny, |
| Becky: ..which means "We're looking for new staff for our cafe." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Martin: nic se neděje |
| Becky: meaning "it's alright,” or “no problem." |
| Martin: You usually use this phrase if someone apologizes to you. |
| Becky: The literal translation is ''nothing is happening.” |
| Martin: You can use it to simply say that there is nothing happening. For example, you can say čekám na nové heslo a nic se neděje |
| Becky: meaning “I'm waiting for a new password and nothing is happening.” Can you give us another example using this phrase? |
| Martin: Sure. For example, you can say.. Zboží Vám nesedí? Nic se neděje, vyměníme! |
| Becky: .. which means "Our product doesn't fit you? Not a problem, we’ll exchange it." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the future tense to make an invitation and accept and decline invitations. First, let’s talk about how to create the future tense. There are two ways to do this in Czech. |
| Martin:That’s right. One is through imperfective verbs combined with the verb být, or “to be.” |
| Becky: The other one is by using perfective verbs in the present. Let’s see the first case, how to form the future for imperfective verbs. |
| Martin: You need to add the infinitive form of this verb to the conjugated future form of být, "to be." |
| Becky: Is there an example of this in the dialogue? |
| Martin: Yes, for example when the teacher asked the two students what they’ll do after graduation. He uses the verb dělat, meaning “to do,” with the future tense of být. He says Co budete dělat? |
| Becky: Which means “What will you do?” Can we give the same verbs conjugated for different persons, in order to see how the forms of the verb “to be” change? |
| Martin: Sure, for example Já budu dělat. |
| Becky: which means “I will do.” |
| Martin: Ty budeš dělat. |
| Becky: “You will do.” What about the negative form? |
| Martin: It’s simple – you just have to add ne- in front of the future form , bud-. For example, Já nebudu dělat. |
| Becky: meaning “I won’t do.” |
| Martin: And Ty nebudeš dělat. |
| Becky: “You won’t do.” Is there any example of the future tense expressed through the perfective verbs? |
| Martin: Yes, in the sentence Nechcete přijít? |
| Becky: ...which means “Don’t you want to come?” |
| Martin: We have the perfective verb přijít, meaning “to come,” which expresses the future tense. |
| Becky: In this case, we don’t need the verb “to be” to create the future. |
| Martin: Many imperfective verbs have prefixes to make them perfective. For example, dělat, meaning “to do,” is an imperfective verb. |
| Becky: It indicates that the action is not completed. |
| Martin: udělat, which is also translated as “to do,” is a perfective verb... |
| Becky: ...which means that the action is completed, and, if used in the present can also indicate the future tense. |
| Martin: Right, for example, you can also say udělám to mean “I will do.” |
| Becky: OK, let’s wrap up this lesson with a couple of sample sentences. |
| Martin: Určitě dorazíme, díky za pozvání. |
| Becky: "We'll definitely come, thank you for inviting us." |
| Martin: Tentokrát asi ne, já nebudu dělat. Nezlob se. |
| Becky: "This time maybe not, I won’t do it. Sorry (lit. don't be angry)." |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Martin: Čau. |
Comments
HideTry to write a sentence in Czech using the future tense.
Ahoj Rachel,
it is very good question, also rather a complex one. I will try to explain below:
- moje kamarádka (nominative): Ona je moje kamarádka.
- the verb "setkat se s" (to meet with) is always followed by a noun in its instrumental form (7th case, instrumental): setkám se s kamarádkou
Now for the possessive pronoun moje vs. svoje:
The general principle for choosing the correct pronoun můj/svůj is: If the pronoun refers to the subject of the sentence, which is also the possessor, we must replace my with the reversible possessive pronoun svůj.
Rachel, I know that it may sound a little confusing, you should not bother yourself with this grammar point too much. If you say "s mojí kamarádkou", everyone will understand. Even natives make mistakes in this grammar.
Ask me, if you have more questions 👍😉
Cheers,
Anna
Team CzechClass101.com
Thank you Anna!
Eventually I will figure out the grammar:)
Why do you say 'svou kamarádkou', and not 'moje kamarádka'?
Ahoj Rachel,
moc ti děkujeme za tvůj komentář s použitím budoucího času👍😉.
- Ve dvě hodiny odpoledne se setkám se svou kamarádkou v kavárně.
- Půjdu do kavárny a setkám se tam se svou kamarádkou.
Dej nám vědět, Rachel, pokud budeš mít nějaké otázky. Rádi ti na ně odpovíme.
Měj se zatím moc hezky
Anna
Team CzechClass101.com
Ve dvě hodiny odpoledne, ja budu setkat se moje kamarádka v kavárně. (I don't think this is correct!)
Půjdu do kavárny a setkám se moje kamarádka
Ahoj Ozcane,
děkujeme moc za otázku 👍. Myslíš tím "line-by-line audio"? To nalezneš hned na úplném začátku lekce. Dej vědět, kdybys měl další otázky, rádi ti na ně odpovíme.
Hodně štěstí se studiem češtiny!
Měj se hezky
Anna
Team CzechClass101.com
Ahojte,
Muzete mi rict, prosim, kde je 'line-by-line"? Nemuzu najit v materialu lekce.
Dekuji moc!
Ozcan
Hi Claudia,
yes, exactly. Your example "klesnout / klesat" is great. The first verb is perfective, the other one imperfective.
Another example would be "obout" (perfective) / "obouvat" (imperfective) meaning to put on sth.
Ex. Budu si obouvat boty / Obuji si boty.
Good luck with your Czech!
Cheers,
Anna
Team CzechClass101.com
Ok, thanks! So it seems that there are indeed some associations between endings and the aspect distinction. I will try to remember this. Another example would be "klesnout / klesat", right? Also perfective / imperfective.
Ahoj Claudie,
Nemáš zač! (You are welcome!) As you say, it is quite hard to distinguish which verb is perfective and which imperfective.
Apart form prefixes, there are verb endings which can imply whether the verb is perfective or imperfective.
In this particular example the ending -nout indicates perfective verb and -vat indicates perfective verb.
Another example:
Usnout (to fall asleep): perfective
Usnínat (to be falling asleep): imperfective
We hope this was useful. Let us know if you have another question.
Cheers,
Anna
Team CzechClass101.com
Děkuji moc, Anna! I understand the logic, but I wonder if there is any way to know which verbs are perfective and which are imperfective in a case like this, where the prefix is the same. Are the two different endings (-nout and -vat or whatever) typical of perfective and imperfective verbs? Or are these the kind of things one should simply learn by heart? 😁
Hello Claudia,
thank you very much for your comment 👍. Just one small correction: given the fact that the Czech verb "odpočinout si" is perfective verb - thus you create the future tense without the verb "být" and say "O víkendu si odpočinu."
Or, you can use imperfective form of the verb which is "odpočívat". In this case, you can create the future tense with "být" and say: "O víkendu budu odpočívat".
Let us know if you have any further questions regarding this topic. Good luck with your studies.
Cheers,
Anna
Team CzechClass101.com
O víkendu si budu odpočinout.
Hello Joe,
good job, just a small correction - "Zítra máme večírek, ale nechci tam jít." 👍
Best regards,
Tomas
Team CzechClass101.com
Zitra máme večírek. Ale nechu tam jit.
Hello Michael,
just a small correction - "Budu dnes běhat." :-)
Best regards,
Tomas
Team CzechClass101.com
Budu behat dnes.
Ahoj Abhi,
just a small correction:
Zítra půjdu do obchodu.
Will go (budu + jít = půjdu)
Where? To a store -> 2nd case declension of the noun "obchod" -> obchodu 👍
Cheers,
Bára
Team CzechClass101.com
Zitra budu jit do obchod.
Hi Mike,
"nic se neděje" literally translates to "nothing is happening" and is used as an equivalent of English phrases such as: "Never mind" / "Nothing happened" / "Don't worry about it".
I hope this helps.
Cheers,
Bára
Hi. What does "Nic se neděje."mean in this context ?
Thanks,
Mike