Learn about motion verbs and their aspects
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| Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 23 - How to Get to the Station? |
| INTRODUCTION |
| Michael: Hi everyone, and welcome back to CzechClass101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 23 - How to Get to the Station? Michael, here. |
| Veronika: Ahoj, I'm Veronika. |
| Michael: In this lesson, you’ll learn about motion verbs and their aspects. The conversation takes place on the street. |
| Veronika: It's between Jozefina Jerabkova and Tomas Tvrdik. |
| Michael: The speakers are strangers, therefore, they will speak both formal and informal Czech. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Dobrý den, promiňte, mohl byste mi pomoci? Potřebuji se dostat na hlavní nádraží. |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: Dobrý den, slečno. Na hlavák? Počkejte, zastavte auto a já vám to vysvětlím. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Promiňte, nejsem zvyklá zastavovat uprostřed silnice. Zajedu ke krajnici. |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: Musíte jet rovně po hlavní ulici, pak vyjet na most, přejet řeku a odbočit doprava. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: A tam už to je? |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: No ano, za mostem pojedete doprava a až uvidíte hodně lidí vystupovat z autobusů, tak tam to je! |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Z autobusů? Ale já hledám vlakové nádraží a ne autobusové! |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: Aha, to jste měla říct rovnou! To nevadí, taky jdu na vlak, můžete mě svézt? |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: A budete mě navigovat? Zastavím vám před nádražím, abyste si mohl vystoupit. |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: To bude ideální! Jak jedeme! |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Dobrý den, promiňte, mohl byste mi pomoci? Potřebuji se dostat na hlavní nádraží. |
| Michael: Hello, excuse me, could you help me? I need to get to the main station. |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: Dobrý den, slečno. Na hlavák? Počkejte, zastavte auto a já vám to vysvětlím. |
| Michael: Hello, Miss. To the main station? Wait, pull over the car and I'll explain it to you. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Promiňte, nejsem zvyklá zastavovat uprostřed silnice. Zajedu ke krajnici. |
| Michael: Excuse me, I am not used to stopping in the middle of the street. I'll go to the roadside. |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: Musíte jet rovně po hlavní ulici, pak vyjet na most, přejet řeku a odbočit doprava. |
| Michael: You have to go straight down the main street, then go up the bridge, go over the bridge and then turn right. |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: A tam už to je? |
| Michael: And there it is? |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: No ano, za mostem pojedete doprava a až uvidíte hodně lidí vystupovat z autobusů, tak tam to je! |
| Michael: Yes, after the bridge, turn right and when you see a lot of people getting off the buses, there it is! |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: Z autobusů? Ale já hledám vlakové nádraží a ne autobusové! |
| Michael: Buses? But I'm looking for the train station, not the bus station! |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: Aha, to jste měla říct rovnou! To nevadí, taky jdu na vlak, můžete mě svézt? |
| Michael: Oh, you should say it right away! That's OK. I'm going to catch the train too, can you drive me there? |
| Jozefína Jeřábková: A budete mě navigovat? Zastavím vám před nádražím, abyste si mohl vystoupit. |
| Michael: And will you navigate me? I'll stop outside of the station, so that you can get off. |
| Tomáš Tvrdik: To bude ideální! Jak jedeme! |
| Michael: It will be perfect! So let's go! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Michael: What is public transport like in the Czech Republic? |
| Veronika: The train network is very extensive, so you can travel by train almost everywhere in the country. You can also travel out of it, too. |
| Michael: Who runs the railways? |
| Veronika: The majority are operated by the state company České dráhy |
| Michael: "Czech railways." |
| Veronika: There are regional operators too, such as RegioJet, LEO Express, or Arriva. |
| Michael: The Prague Main Station is the largest and most important railway station in the Czech Republic. |
| Veronika: That’s right. From there you can get to the largest cities in the country, such as Brno, Plzeň, České Budějovice and Olomouc. |
| Michael: You can also get to other EU countries, like Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Austria, and Hungary. How do you buy tickets for these trains? |
| Veronika: You can buy them at the station before you go. At some small stations you can’t do this so you buy the ticket on the train. These trains have a pan průvodčí/paní průvodčí |
| Michael: "Conductor." Is it possible to reserve a seat on a Czech train? |
| Veronika: Yes! I suggest doing that in busy periods, like Friday afternoons, Sunday afternoons, and Monday mornings. |
| Michael: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Michael: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Veronika: hlavní [natural native speed] |
| Michael: main |
| Veronika: hlavní[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: hlavní [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: hlavák [natural native speed] |
| Michael: the main station (informal) |
| Veronika: hlavák[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: hlavák [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: vysvětlit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to explain |
| Veronika: vysvětlit[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: vysvětlit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: zvyklý [natural native speed] |
| Michael: used to |
| Veronika: zvyklý[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: zvyklý [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: uprostřed [natural native speed] |
| Michael: in the middle |
| Veronika: uprostřed[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: uprostřed [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: odbočit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to turn |
| Veronika: odbočit[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: odbočit [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: vlakový [natural native speed] |
| Michael: train |
| Veronika: vlakový[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: vlakový [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: autobusový [natural native speed] |
| Michael: bus |
| Veronika: autobusový[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: autobusový [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Veronika: svézt [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to drive, to give a lift |
| Veronika: svézt[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: svézt [natural native speed] |
| Michael: And last.. |
| Veronika: navigovat [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to navigate |
| Veronika: navigovat[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Veronika: navigovat [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Michael: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Veronika: Potřebuji se dostat na hlavní nádraží. |
| Michael: meaning "I need to get to the main station." |
| Michael: The verb "to go" |
| Veronika: dostat |
| Michael: is used here as a reflexive verb to mean "to get oneself" somewhere. It is used with |
| Veronika: se |
| Michael: You can use this sentence to ask how to get to the main station. As "main station" can refer to either a train or bus station you might need to specify. |
| Veronika: vlakové is "train" and autobusové is "bus" |
| Michael: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Veronika: Sure. For example, you can say.. Potřebuji se dostat na hlavní nádraží, víte jak? |
| Michael: ..which means "I need to get to the main station, do you know how?" |
| Michael: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Michael: In this lesson, you'll learn about motion verbs and their aspects. |
| Michael: The first thing we will look at is how to use motion verbs and their prefixes. The Czech basic verbs are combined with different prefixes that slightly or entirely change the meaning of the verb they are derived from. The prefixes are used for both perfective and imperfective verbs. Czech basic verbs combined with prefixes mostly correspond to the English verb-adverb combinations. Let’s look at an example with the word: |
| Veronika: projet |
| Michael: This means "to go, to drive through." |
| Veronika: It has the prefix pro and simple verb jet. |
| Michael: It is always better to learn these derived verbs as new lexical units with their own meaning and uses, however, it can help to know the general meaning of particular prefixes. For example, let’s stick with the verb we just heard. |
| Veronika: jet |
| Michael: On its own, it means "to go by means of transport." It’s a perfective verb and the imperfective variant is: |
| Veronika: jezdit. For going by foot we use the verb jít or the imperfective chodit. |
| Michael: The first prefix we are going to add to our verb is: |
| Veronika: vy- |
| Michael: This suggests the movement "out of." By adding it to our verb, we get a new word that has the meaning of "to go up" or "to drive out of." |
| Veronika: Auto vyjelo z garáže. |
| Michael: "The car went out of the garage." |
| Veronika: Honza vyjel kopec na kole. |
| Michael: "Honza rode up the hill on a bike." The next prefix is: |
| Veronika: za- |
| Michael: This suggests the movement behind somewhere to an unseen or hidden place. Added to our verb, it means "to go behind, to drive behind." |
| Veronika: Autobus zajel za roh ulice. |
| Michael: "The bus went behind the corner." |
| Veronika: Auto zajelo do garáže. |
| Michael: "The car went into the garage." The next prefix is: |
| Veronika: pře- |
| Michael: This suggests the movement "across" or "over." Added to the verb it means "to go over, to drive over, to pass." |
| Veronika: Vlak přejel stanici bez zastavení. |
| Michael: "The train passed the station without stopping." |
| Veronika: Přejeli jsme silniční most. |
| Michael: "We went over the bridge." Now, let’s look at how to use the verbal aspect with the verbal basis: |
| Veronika: -stavovat/-stavit. These are derived from the basic verb stavit. |
| Michael: This is perfective and means "to stop." The imperfective version is: |
| Veronika: stavovat. |
| Michael: These verbs can be used as they are, or they can be used with various prefixes, such as the ones we’ve already heard in this lesson. Let’s hear an example with the prefix: |
| Veronika: za- |
| Michael: As we heard earlier, this prefix suggests the meaning of movement behind somewhere to an unseen or hidden place. Added to our verb, it gives the meaning of "to stop over, to pull over." |
| Veronika: Počkejte, zastavte auto a já vám to vysvětlím. |
| Michael: "Wait, pull over the car and I’ll explain to you." This is perfective. |
| Veronika: Nejsem zvyklá zastavovat uprostřed silnice. |
| Michael: "I am not used to stopping in the middle of the street." This is imperfective. Finally for this lesson, we will look at how to use the verbal aspect with the verbs: |
| Veronika: -stupovat/-stoupit |
| Michael: These mean "to get off" and are never used on their own. They are always combined with a prefix to create a full-meaning verb. Let’s look at an example with the prefix: |
| Veronika: vy- |
| Michael: This prefix suggests the movement "out of." If we add it to our verbs, we get the meaning "to go out of, to get out of." |
| Veronika: Za mostem pojedete doprava a až uvidíte hodně lidí vystupovat z autobusů, tak tam to je! |
| Michael: "After the bridge turn right and when you see a lot of people getting off the buses, there it is!" This is imperfective. |
| Veronika: Zastavím vám před nádražím, abyste si mohl vystoupit. |
| Michael: "I'll stop outside of the station, so that you can get off." This is perfective. The opposite of this is: |
| Veronika: nastoupit |
| Michael: which means "to get on, to board." Some other important and very frequent verbs formed with the same verbal basis are the verbs: |
| Veronika: přestoupit |
| Michael: "to change, to transfer" |
| Veronika: vstoupit |
| Michael: "to enter." Let’s finish this lesson with some example sentences. |
| Veronika: Nemohli jsme nastoupit do metra, protože bylo plné. |
| Michael: "We couldn't get on the subway because it was full." |
| Veronika: Do vlaku se musí nastupovat po jednom. |
| Michael: "The train must be boarded one by one." |
| Veronika: Musela jsem z vlaku přestoupit na autobus. |
| Michael: "I had to change from the train to the bus." |
| Veronika: Herci postupně vstupovali na scénu. |
| Michael: "The actors gradually entered the scene." |
Outro |
| Michael: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Veronika: Na shledanou! |
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