Get a 40% off forever discount with the ready, set, speak sale! Ends soon!
Get a 40% off forever discount with the ready, set, speak sale! Ends soon!
CzechClass101.com Blog
Learn Czech with Free Daily
Audio and Video Lessons!
Start Your Free Trial 6 FREE Features

200+ Czech Words for Beginners

Thumbnail

You know, people often underestimate the power of choosing the right words. 

In Czech, there’s a cute little word—slovíčkaření—which is the combination of slovíčka (“little words”) and -ření (indicating an action or activity). This word could be loosely translated as “unnecessary playing with words.”

However, playing with words is actually quite necessary, especially when learning a new language. Once you’ve engaged in such a rewarding and exciting process, you’ll want to make sure you’re as efficient as possible, right? Hence, you’ll want to learn the right Czech beginner words (a.k.a words that are actually helpful and can be used in real-life conversations).

Also, did you know that you only need to learn 1000 of a language’s most frequently used words to understand 75% of any conversation? (Unless, of course, you find yourself in the middle of a quantum physics seminar, and the only thing you know about physics is that in 5th grade, you got a C on a test, which made you cry in front of the whole class.) I highly recommend that you check out this awesome book if you’re interested in efficient study methods and fun stuff like that.

In this article, you’ll learn basic Czech words for beginners that will make a great base for your Czech vocab. Without further ado, let’s begin!

Log in to Download Your Free Cheat Sheet - Beginner Vocabulary in Czech Table of Contents
  1. Czech Pronouns for Beginners
  2. Czech Numbers
  3. Czech Nouns
  4. Czech Verbs
  5. Czech Adjectives
  6. Czech Conjunctions
  7. What Else You Should Know
  8. How CzechClass101.com Helps You Learn Czech in a Fun Way

1. Czech Pronouns for Beginners

Czech doesn’t use personal pronouns nearly as much as English does, thanks to declension, verb conjugation, and grammatical gender. It kind of reminds me of a quote from a Czech movie about teenagers: “It might be the longer route, but…it’s also the more difficult one.”

Bottom line: Even though you won’t be using personal pronouns too often, you still need to know them.

A- Personal Pronouns 

    Personal pronouns are mostly used for emphasis or when further clarification is needed.

This means that if someone says…

Nemám to ráda. – “I don’t like it.”

…it’s not the same as:

to nemám ráda. – “I don’t like it.” (I don’t, but everyone else in my family loves it; thank you for your kind offer, but I shall graciously decline.)

1st Person

Nominative GenitiveDativeAccusativeVocativeLocativeInstrumental
Singularmne/měmně/mimne/měmněmnou
Pluralmynásnámnásnásnámi

2nd Person

NominativeGenitiveDativeAccusativeVocativeLocativeInstrumental
Singulartytebetobě/titebetobětebou
Pluralvyvásvámvásvásvámi

3rd Person Singular

Nominative GenitiveDativeAccusativeVocativeLocativeInstrumental
Feminineonaji
Masculineonněj/něhojemujeho/jej/něho/nějněmním
Neuterononěj/něhojemujeho/jej/něho/nějněmním

3rd Person Plural

NominativeGenitiveDativeAccusativeVocativeLocativeInstrumental
Feminineonyjich/nichjich/nichje/něnichjimi/nimi
Masculineonijich/nichjich/nichje/něnichjimi/nimi
Neuteronajich/nichjich/nichje/něnichjimi/nimi

B- Possessive Pronouns

1st Person

Gender s/p
Case
Feminine singularMasculinesingularNeutersingularFemininepluralMasculinepluralNeuterplural
Nominativemá/mojemljmé/mojemé/mojemí/mojimé/moje
Genitivemé/mojíméhoméhomýchmýchmých
Dativemé/mojímémumémumýmmýmmým
Accusativemé/mojímého/můjmé/mojemé/mojemé/mojemá/moje
Vocativemá/mojemůjmé/mojemé/mojemoji/mojemá/moje
Locativemé/mojímémmémmýchmýchmých
Instrumentalmou/mojímýmmýmmýmimýmimými

2nd Person

Gender s/p
Case
Feminine singularMasculinesingularNeutersingularFemininepluralMasculinepluralNeuterplural
Nominativetvá/tvojetvůjtvé/tvojetvé/tvojetví/tvoji/tvétvá/tvoje
Genitivetvé/tvojítvéhotvéhotvých/tvojíchtvýchtvých/tvojích
Dativetvé/tvojítvémutvémutvýmtvýmtvým
Accusativetvoutvémutvé/tvojetvé/tvojetvé/tvojetvá/tvoje
Vocativetvá/tvojetvůjtvé/tvojetvé/tvojetví/tvoji/tvojetvá/tvoje
Locativetvé/tvojítvémtvémtvýchtvýchtvých
Instrumentaltvou/tvojítvýmtvýmtvýmitvýmitvými

Okay, guys, I know it’s a lot. But once you memorize this, things will get easier.

Besides, the 3rd person possessive pronouns are easy-peasy!

3rd Person

Gender s/p
Case
Feminine singularMasculinesingularNeutersingularFemininepluralMasculinepluralNeuterplural
Nominativejehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich
Genitivejehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich
Dativejehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich
Accusativejehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich
Vocativejehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich
Locativejehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich
Instrumentaljehojejíjehojejichjejichjejich

C- Demonstrative Pronouns

Feminine singularMasculine singularNeuter singular
“This”TatoTentoToto
“That” or “The”TaTenTo
Feminine pluralMasculine pluralNeuter plural
“These”TytoTitoTato
“Those” or “The”TyTi/TyTa

D- Interrogative Pronouns and Question Words

  • co – “what”
  • kdo – “who”
  • kdý – “when”
  • kolik – “how many” / “how much”
  • kde – “where”
  • který/jenž – “which”
  • čí – “whose”
  • jaký – “what kind”
  • jak – “how”
  • proč – “why”
  • kdy – “when”

I strongly recommend you check out this list of the most useful Czech pronouns and this lesson on how to use various pronouns.

2. Czech Numbers

Okay, now you know how to say “my” and “yours.” Now we can move on to another topic—numbers and counting. 

    You WILL have to apply gender and declension to SOME cardinal numbers (there’s a difference between “one chicken,” “one man,” and “one woman”) and ALL ordinal numbers (first, second, etc.). This only applies to cardinal 2 and ordinal 2nd.
    To make ordinals, add -tý (for M), -tá (for F), and -té (for N). The example below shows the masculine version.
    Cardinal numbers are identified by a period: 3rd = 3. / 5th = 5. / etc.
    Teens are made of a version of the cardinal number plus -náct (no exceptions).
    Tens are made of the cardinal number plus -cet (up until 40) and -sát (50 to 90).
    You must always apply declension. (Again, there’s a difference between “He’s coming on the 3rd of August” and “He’s her third son”).

CardinalOrdinal
1Jeden/Jedna/Jedno (M/F/N)První
2Dvě/Dva/DvěDruhý/Druhá/Druhé (M/F/N)
3TřiTřetí
4ČtyřiČtvrtý/Čtvrtá/Čtvrté
5PětPátý/Pátá/Páté
6ŠestŠestý/Šestá/Šesté
7SedmSedmý/Sedmá/Sedmé
8OsmOsmý/Osmá/Osmé
9DevětDevátý/Devátá/Deváté
10DesetDesátý/Desátá/Desáté
11JedenáctJedenáctý/Jedenáctá/Jedenácté
12DvanáctDvanáctý/-tá/-té
13TřináctDvanáctý/-tá/-té
14ČtrnáctČtrnáctý/-tá/-té
15PatnáctPatnáctý/-tá/-té
16ŠestnáctŠestnáctý/-tá/-té
17SedmnáctSedmnáctý/-tá/-té
18OsmnáctOsmnáctý/-tá/-té
19DevatenáctDevatenáctý/-tá/-té

Tens

    To make ordinals, add -átý/-átá/-áté for M/F/N singular. For plural, it’s -átí/-áté/-átá.

CardinalOrdinal
20DvacetDvacátý/-átá/-áté
30TřicetTřicátý/-átá/-áté
40ČtyřicetČtyřicátý/-átá/-áté
50PadesátPadesátý/-átá/-áté
60ŠedesátŠedesátý/-átá/-áté
70SedmdesátSedmdesátý/-átá/-áté
80OsmdesátOsmdesátý/-átá/-áté
90DevadesátDevadesátý/-átá/-áté

Here’s how you write higher numbers (yup, no periods or commas):

  • 100 – Sto
  • 1 000 – Tisíc
  • 1 000 000 – Milion
  • 1 000 000 000 – Miliarda

This list of Czech numbers includes pronunciation and will make your studying way faster. If you want to go into more detail, we’ve got you covered.

3. Czech Nouns

Nouns should make up a large chunk of your Czech beginner vocabulary. And do you know how most language textbooks start? There’s usually a drawing of people gathered around a table (or a Christmas tree) and the headline reads: My Family.

A- Family – Rodina

WomanŽena
ManMuž
BoyChlapec / Kluk
GirlDěvče / Dívka
ChildDítě
BabyMiminko
Mother / MomMatka / Máma
Father / DadOtec / Táta
BrotherBratr
SisterSestra
Sibling / SiblingsSourozenec / Sourozenci
GrandfatherDěda
GrandmotherBabička
AuntTeta
UncleStrýc
CousinBratranec (M) / Sestřenice (F)
Big family / Small familyVelká rodina / Malá rodina
RelativesPříbuzní
HomeDomov
HouseDům
ApartmentByt
PetMazlíček
DogPes
CatKočka
AnimalZvíře
LoveLáska

A Family in a Supermarket

Rodina v supermarketu. – “A family in a supermarket.”

B- Work and School – Práce a škola

OfficeKancelář
CollegeVysolá škola
High schoolStřední škola
CareerKariéra
CoworkerKolega
Computer / LaptopPočítač
PenPero
PencilTužka
MeetingSchůzka / Meeting
NotebookDiář
InterviewPohovor
ExamZkouška
SalaryPlat
SuperiorNadřízený
SubordinatePodřízený
ManagerManager
StudentStudent
BossŠéf
WorkPráce

A Woman Making a Phone Call while Working Late

Ta žena telefonuje. – “The woman is making a phone call.”

You might also want to see our lists titled 20 Common Czech Words for Occupations and Talking About the Workplace in Czech

C- Time – Čas

SecondVteřina
MinuteMinuta
HourHodina
DayDen
WeekTýden
MonthMěsíc
YearRok
A half hourPůlhodina
A quarter hourČtvrthodina

    Please remember: The date format used in the Czech Republic is DD.MM.YYYY. This could cause A LOT of confusion.

D- Body Parts – Části lidského těla

BodyTělo
MuscleSval
BoneKost
HeadHlava
NeckKrk
ShouldersRamena
HandsRuce
ArmsPaže
ChestHrudník
WaistPas
StomachBřicho
ThighsStehna
KneesKolena
CalvesLýtka
LegsNohy
FeetChodidla
Fingers / ToesPrsty
HairVlasy
FaceObličej
ForeheadČelo
NoseNos
ChinBrada
EyesOči
Mouth / LipsÚsta / Rty
EarsUši
Cheek bonesLícní kosti
CheeksTváře
EyelashesŘasy
EyebrowsObočí

Here’s a great list with examples for you.

E- Food and Drinks – Jídlo a pití

BreakfastSnídaně
LunchOběd
DinnerVečeře
SnackSvačina
DessertDezert
CakeDort
EntréeHlavní chod
EggVejce
MilkMléko
CoffeeKáva
WineVíno
MeatMaso
CheeseSýr
ChocolateČokoláda
FruitOvoce
VegetablesZelenina
FishRyba
ChickenKuře
BreadChleba
PastaTěstoviny
SoupPolévka
WaterVoda
SaladSalát
HungerHlad
ThirstŽízeň
FoodJídlo
GroceriesPotraviny
DrinkPití

A Couple Shopping Together at the Supermarket

Muž a žena nakupují potraviny. – “A man and a woman are shopping for groceries.”

F- Places Around Town – Místa ve městě

RestaurantRestaurace
Movie theaterKino
TheaterDivadlo
GalleryGalerie
MuseumMuzeum
CaféKavárna
SchoolŠkola
HospitalNemocnice
DowntownCentrum
ParkPark
StreetUlice
Train stationVlakové nádraží
StopZastávka
StoreObchod
SupermarketSupermarket

G- Weather Words

SunSlunce
WindVítr
RainDéšť
SnowSníh

4. Czech Verbs

Basic verbs are an essential set of Czech beginner words that you should learn early on, whether you want to describe your morning routine, make plans for the day, or engage in small talk about your hobbies. Feel free to look for your favorite activities on this list, as well.

A Woman Cooking in the Kitchen

Ta žena vaří. – “The woman is cooking.”

A- Daily Routine Verbs – Denní rituály

To doDělat
To beBýt
To goJít
To get upVstávat
To workPracovat
To studyStudovat
To cookVařit
To take a showerSprchovat se
To commuteDojíždět
To driveJet autem
To take a train / bus / tramJet vlakem / autobusem / tramvají
To readČíst
To studyUčit se
To go shoppingJít nakupovat
To make a phone call / To callTelefonovat / Zavolat
To type / To writePsát
To waitČekat
To schedule / To planNaplánovat
To cancelZrušit
To exerciseCvičit
To eatJíst
To drinkPít
To comePřijít
To arriveDorazit
To leaveOdejít
To go to bedJít spát
To sleepSpát
To feelCítit se
To askPtát se
To thankPoděkovat
To think / To think aboutMyslet / Přemýšlet o
To answerOdpovědět
To checkKontrolovat
CanMoci / Umět
To openOtevřít
To closeZavřít

B- Other Common Verbs – Další obvyklá slovesa

To drawKreslit
To paintMalovat
To runBěhat
To do yogaCvičit jógu
To go to the gymJít do posilovny
To swimPlavat
To go for a walkJít na procházku
To rest / To relaxOdpočívat / Relaxovat
To singZpívat
To learn a foreign languageUčit se cizí jazyk
To listen to a podcast / music / audio bookPoslouchat podcast / hudbu / audioknihu
To watch a movieDívat se na film
To watch a TV showSledovat seriál
To drive a carŘídit auto
To ride a bikeJet na kole
To bake dessertsPéct dezerty
To spend time with friendsTrávit čas s přáteli
To clean (e.g. your house)Uklízet
To explainVysvětlovat
To teachUčit
To get / To receiveDostat
To play an instrumentHrát na hudební nástroj
To danceTančit
To collectSbírat
To enjoyMít rád / Rád dělat / Užívat si

A Man Driving with a Woman in the Passenger Seat

Ten muž řídí. – “The man is driving.”

5. Czech Adjectives

A key set of words in Czech for beginners are adjectives. Without them, you wouldn’t be able to express yourself fully and your speech/writing would fall flat. 

Please note that the examples below are all in masculine singular form. For feminine, the ending would be ; for neuter, it would be .

A- Describing Objects

Small / LittleMalý
Big / LargeVelký
Strong / PowerfulSilný
WeakSlabý
InterestingZajímavý
BoringNudný
OrdinaryObyčejný
DifferentJiný
RegularObvyklý / Normální
Special / ExceptionalVýjimečný

B- Describing People

TallVysoký
ShortMalý
AttractivePohledný / Atraktivní
SweetMilý
SmartChytrý
FunnyVtipný
OldStarý
YoungMladý
Middle-agedVe středním věku
UglyOšklivý

C- Describing Emotions

HappyVeselý / Šťastný
SadSmutný
AngryVzteklý
AnnoyedOtrávený
Excited / EnthusiasticNadšený
TiredUnavený
EnergizedPlný energie
InquisitiveZvědavý
ApatheticApatický
IrritatedPodrážděný

D- Describing Weather

SunnySlunečno
RainyDeštivo 
WindyVětrno
Cold / ChillyChladno
HotHorko
Nice weatherPěkné počasí
Bad weatherŠpatné počasí

You can find more weather-related vocabulary and useful phrases here.

6. Czech Conjunctions

AndA / I
To / In order to / So thatAby
ButAle
ThatŽe
BecauseProtože
WhenKdyž
As late as / Not before
If / In caseJestli / Kdyby
OrNebo
Either, orBuď, nebo
AlthoughPřestože / I když
Who / Which / ThatKterý
Not only, but alsoNejen
ThanNež

7. What Else You Should Know

Finally, here’s a brief beginner Czech wordlist of other essential words you need to know. 

MaybeMožná
NeverNikdy
SometimesNěkdy
AlwaysVždycky
UsuallyObvykle
OccasionallyObčas
YesAno
YeahJo
NoNe
ThanksDěkuji
Please / You’re welcomeProsím

8. How CzechClass101.com Helps You Learn Czech in a Fun Way

That’s it, guys! I hope you enjoyed this article and learned something new! In case this wasn’t enough for you, please check out our Basic Bootcamp—all the basic grammar and vocab you need in five compact lessons. 

If you’re taking your Czech studies seriously, you might grab a Czech grammar book or learn online (which is way more convenient). Seriously, learning a new skill has never been easier. Just grab your phone and get to work!

CzechClass101.com will make learning Czech easy, exciting, and fun. With us, it’s not about endless memorizing or thick textbooks. Learn Czech the better way—with us, you’ll make progress faster than you could imagine!

What can you find here?

Sign up now, it’s free!

One last thing: Let us know in the comments if this article helped you. Were most of these words new to you? Let’s get in touch!

Log in to Download Your Free Cheat Sheet - Beginner Vocabulary in Czech